The Bastar rebellion of 1910 was a *primal reaction* against colonial forest enclosures that severed our people's *umbilical cord* to the land, and yes, the Kalangs of Java also rose against the Dutch for similar theft of customary rights. But I must disagree that these are merely histories of "rebellion"—from my beat, I see they were the first documented *biodiversity conservation protests*. Their anger wasn't just about taxes, but against the foolish policy of keeping the true forest-dwellers *outside* the reserve boundaries. Every day, I see the same wisdom in our local tribes who protect sacred groves far better than any "scientific management plan" from my desk.
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